Calendar



April 21, 1931. BEVILACQUA 1,801,714

CALENDAR Filed Jan. 8. 1929 5Sheets-Sheet 1 monvm Q5 MHREH] W //1/ V691ark April 21, 1931.

G. BEVILACQUA 1,801,714

CALENDAR Filed Jan. 8, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 93 E 3 60 l 0 3g 5 57 April21, 1931. BEVILACQUA CALENDAR Filed Jan. 8, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 a ge 1fl avr W 2% Patented Apr. 21, 1931 UNITED SATES rarer @FFICE GIUSEPPEBEVILACQUA, OF RECCO, ITALY CALENDAR Application filed January 8, 1929,Serial No. 331,138, and in Italy January 10, 1928.

This invention relates to an improved type of mechanical perpetualcalendar, in Which .all daily movements to be effected in order tochange the date are effected simultaneously through the operation ofsingle control member. V

The present calendar, owing to the provision of suitable devices Whichmake it impossible to change the date unless a coin or mark of adetermined value has first been introduced, can be used also for thecollection of payments by instalments .and insurancepremiums as Well asfor the collection of savings'at users domicile. V

In this latter application as cashiercalendar or savingscalendar thefamiliar operation of daily tearing off a leaf from a Wall calendar isadvantageously made use of as a daily reminder. In the event ofomissions and delays on users part, the apparatus calls his attention onthe date of the last pay ment actually performed andon the accuratenumber of instalments that have fallen due and which he must necessarilypay in order to bring the calendar up to date. All-these features conferupon the invention a positive superiority over other apparatus pursuingsimilar objects. v

The change of date is effected,'the coin or mark being previouslyintroduced, by operating the laterally projecting control lever andtakes place With perfect accuracy all the days of the year, even onpassing over from one monthto the next, Whatever may be the number ofdays in the month.

The apparatus is so designed that, Whatever-be the number of the monthsdays, 31 impulses must be imparted to the control member. In this mannera constant number of coins will be collected everyinonth.

The apparatus is constructed With the simplest means, all complicateddevices comprising gears or the like that require precise, delicate andexpensive manufacture being excluded. An apparatus of really practicalutility and Within reach of everybodys capabilities is thus obtained.

The apparatus according to the invention is possessed of therequiredfeatures making 59 it complete with all theelements of a leaf 'cernecalter the number but day name.

Wall calendar; accurate in the graphic representation of all theirregularities of the cal endar; practical for the double purpose forwhich it is intended and in consideration of the exceptional size andlegibility of its indications, attractive due to the harmonious andsymmetrical distribution of the indications, educative because itis astimulus to thrift and, at the'same time, an interesting mechanicalcuriosity, and is economical be cause it is realized with simple andunexpensive means.

The'apparatus is of the type With rollers revolving on acommon axis,driven by suitable mechanical members and carrying each of them on itscylindrical surface one of the elements, adapted to represent thecalendar indications. The first roller carries the indication of-thename of the Weelzs days; the second roller carries the-tens and thethird roller the units of the mon'ths day; the fourth roller carries themonths names.

A characteristic feature of the novel calendar is that it requires 31impulses to be imparted to the control member for each month, no matterWhat the number of days in the month may be. made due to which, for'themonths with less than 31 days, the impulses in excess of the actualnumber of days in the month conindicating the monthsday up to andinclusive of the 31st. do not alter the name of the Weeks day, so thatafte 3l-impulses the accurate alteration of all the elements of the dateWill be obtained. F or the months having less than 31 days, the evcessimpulses are revealed by the fact that the indicator oi the day namedfails to Work; on such months, the user is therefore Warned to repeatthe operation til passage over to the 1st day of the next month.

So for instance, for passing over from the 28th February of abissextileyear to the 1st March, three impulses must be imparted to thecontrol device. Each of these impulses will alter the day number,passing in succession through 29. 30, 31 but will notalter the g Afourthimpulse, on the con.- trar. will so move the rollers as to causethe date of 1st March to appear With the indica- Yet suitable provisionsare tion of the name of the corresponding wecks day.

The invention is illustrated in one of its embodiments, in the accomp:nying drawings, in which 1 1 is a front view of the casing and indicatorboard;

Fig. 2 is a axial section of the apparatus, with the casing removed;

Fig. 3 is a right hand side view of the apparatus and shows the detailof the coin gear;

Fig. a shows, as seen from above, the gear which serves to disconnectthe day-number roller;

Fig. 5 a cross section through the disc for the day names;

Fig. 6 shows the details of the mechanism actuating the day-numberroller;

Fig. 7 is a view of the 31 teeth ratchet wheel, and shows the windowstherein as well as the levers disconnecting the day-name roller;

Fig. 8 shows the separator between the 31 teeth ratchet wheel and theend disc of the month-name roller;

Fig. 9 shows the cylindrical surface of the day-name roller;

Fig. 10 shows the cylindrical surface of the tens roller as developed ona plane;

11 is a similar development units roller;

12 is a similar development of the nonth-name roller;

Fig. 13 shows the ratchet wheel for the actuation of the units roller;

Fig. 11 shows the ratchet wheel for the actuation of the tens roller.

The indicator members are four rollers rcspcctively, discs looselymounted on a common shaft in such a manner that all of them can berevolved in the same direction. The actuaton of all the rollers iseffected by means of a bar 51 fitted with a handle and fulcrumed on theshaft 50; the bar 51 actuatcs each indicator by means of springloadedlever-arms 53 and 5 1 fast with the bar 51 and by means of a pawl 55pivotally attached at 56 to an arm 68, this arm being fast with the bar51. The p wi 55 actuates the two rollers for the day-number, the arms 53and 5t actuate the oay-name roller, respectively, the month-name roller.

The roller 57 for the months name is fitted with 12 teeth, viz. onetooth for each month the roller 58 for the day name is titted with 11teeth, the day names being repeated twice as indicated on Figure 9 inorder to reduce the difierence between the angular strokes of the twoindicators so that, with a given stroke of the bar 51, the angularstrolrc of 57 and 58 corresponds to one division.

The tens indicator 59 and the units indicator 60 are fast with theratchet wheels 61 respectively, 62, which can be actuated by the pawl 55pivotally attached at 56 to the of the bar 63, which is branched off thebar 51 and fast thereto.

The roller 60 has the figures O to 9 distributed over its periphery intheir natural succession, as shown on Figure 11; the roller 59 has theseries of figures 0, 1, 2, 3, distributed over its periphery two times,as indicated on Figure 10, and this in order to equalize the angularstrokes of the tens roller and of the units roller.

The ratchet wheel 62 (Fig. 13) has all its teeth equally spaced from oneanother and from the center, excepting the tooth 64 corresponding to theFigure 9, which shows a greater depth.

The ratchet wheel 61 (Fig. 14:) has the teeth 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, (whichcorrespond to the figures O, 1, 2) equally spaced from the center andmore precisely their distance from the center of the ratchet whcel'61 isequal to the distance of the atom-mentioned teeth 64 from the center ofthe ratchet wheel 62. The teeth 71 and 72 in wheel 61, which correspondto the figures 3 coming after the 2, lie at the same distance from thecenter as the teeth 0 to 8 in the ratchet wheel 62. Finally the teeth 73and 7 1 corresponding to the figures 3, lying between the figures 3already mentioned and the zeroes, lie at a greater distance from thecenter than all the other teeth.

In this manner, the pawl 55, according to the relative position of thetwo ratchet wheels, can move through a fraction of revolution either theunits roller alone (for the days 1 to 9, 11 to 19, 21 to 29) or it cansimultaneously move both the units roller and the tens roller (in orderto pass on to the 10th, respectively, to the 20th, 30th and 31st of themonth) or finally it can move the tens roller alone for passage from the31st to the 1st day of the next month.

The tens roller 59 has two notches formed in its peripheral edge (Fig.10).

A spring-loaded arm 76 starting from and fast with the arm 63 (thelatter arms being fast with the bar 51) slides on the edge of roller 59and, by a link 77, is connected to the arm 54: actuating the month-nameroller which normally is out of mesh. When the tens roller is movedforward for passing over from the 30th, to the 31st day, the said arm 76engages one of the two notches and by means of the link 7 7 engages thearm 54 in the teething of the month-name roller 57, so that on the nextforward movement for passing over from the 31st to the 1st day, a changein the indication of the months name is effected.

In this manner it is always necessary to proceed up to the 31st day inorder that the name of the month be changed.

The roller 58 for the name of day, at each impulse, is moved forward byone division; yet for the months with less than 31 days the a plate 88in order to avoid respectively 80 or 81.

does not occur for This s obtained in forward movement of 58 theintervening days. the following manner:

A ratchet wheel 78, mounted loose on the same shaft and rotatable in thesame di rection as the indicating rollers, is fitted with 31 teethcorresponding to the maximum number of days in a month. The said wheelis mechanically actuated bythe bar 51 by means of an arm placed underthe action of a spring 119 and fast with the bar 51 in such a mannerthat, at each operation, the wheel is moved forward by 1/3'1th' of arevolution, In the said wheel, three apertures-79, 80, 81 are formed inthree annular concentric zones; the aperture 79 extends to the whole arecorresponding to the 29th, 30th and 31st day; the aperture extends tothe whole are corresponding to the 30th and 31st day; the aperture 31corresponds to the tooth representing the 31stday alone. The wheel 78lies close to the end disc of the months name indicator 57 'butisseparated therefrom by friction. I The indicator 57 revolvesindependently from. the wheel 78, and its end disc has sixaperturesformed in it. 83 correspond to the indication of the month of Februaryand under given conditions come to lie in front of the apertures 79 and80'respectively; four apertures, viz., 84, 85, 86, 87 correspond each tothe indications of the months April, June, September, November (30 daysmonths), and under given conditions come to lie in front of the aperture81 of the 31 toothed wheel 78.

Two levers 89 and '90, fulcrumed at9'3 on a shaft 94 carried in thecasing walls, are mechanically pressed'against the 31 wheel 78 in such amanner that they cannot move awa from the annular zones of the apertures79 i The lever 89 can be carried opposite the aperture 79 (dottedposition 89) in normal aperture 80in bisextile years by the mereoperation of a button III applied to the said lever and projecting tothe outside; thesaid operation of the button can be performed ing arm530i the l on any of the 365 days preceding the last The lever 90 alwaysre- 7 day of February.

aperture '81. v 1

Each lever 89 and 90 is fittedwith a tooth 91 and mechanically connectedto the actuatday name indicator 58'by means of the link 92 and of'thelever 95 fulcrumed at 96 on the shaft carried in the casing walls.

Inthe months having less than 31 days, the apertures formed in the enddisc of, the m'onths name roller .57 are lying opposite the teeth 910ithe levers 89 and 90, so that when 78 is moved forward, as the apertures79, 80, 81 are carried opposite the teeth'91, one of these leverspressed against 78 engages with its tooth 91 the aperture of the Ofthese six apertures, 82 and years, or opposite the to the small lever106,

wheel 78 and the underlying aperture of the months name roller 57, andby means of the link 92 draws the arm 53 actuating the roller 58 andmoves this arm away from the toothed wheel of this roller.

' Accordingly, in spite of the other parts being operated in theordinary Way, the indicating roller 58 remains at rest as long as thelevers 89 and 90 are'not restored into their npr lznal position by thesubsequent movements 0 8. day in the month of February is changed up tothe 28th, respectively, 29th in bissextile years, and then it is changedonly when pass ing over to the 1st. day of March; in the months with30days, the name of the day is changed up to the 30th and then only onpassage to the 1st day of the following month. This arrangement makes itnecessary to always impart 31 impulses every month.- In the months withless than 31 days, some impulses must be imparted in addition to thosecorresponding to the actual number of days of the month concerned, thenecessity for such additional impulses being 1 revealed by a the factthat the name of the day fails to be changed.

The apparatus-thus sents the simple perpetual mechanical calendar with asingle drive. The following device, applied to the said calendar, servesto subordinate its working to the daily introduction of a coin or markwhich serves to unlock the actuating mechanism.

With the bar 51, a plate 98 (Figure is 1 As a consequence the name ofthe far described repre;

fast, this plate being so shaped that it can be of a coin in the canal103, the com acting upon the tail 10 1, whichis fast with 99,-so thatits weight overcomes the tension ofthe spring 101. The coin is allowedto pass on into the magazine only when, after the operation has beencarried out, the hook is removed and allows the position 99.

The pawl 99 is connected by the spring, 101 the tooth 107 of whichengages the window 108 provided in the plate 98. The lever 106. canswing only when the plate 98 is moved into the dotted position 106, andis fitted with a tail 109 which, when the parts'have been moved, entersthe canal 103 and prevents the passage of other coins eventuallyheapedover the first coin, as long as the plate 98 has initial position.

In this manner the daily change of date is rendered mechanically andnecessarily dependent on the passage of a coin of a given value into asavings box 110. The coin canal notbeen restored into its a any;

pawl 99 to sink into the dotted lets a single coin pass at each impulse,yet it may receive several coins at a time, thus securing the working ofthe calendar for as many days as are the introduced coins. In thismanner it is made easier for the user to have the required coinsavailable in due time.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my saidinvention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare thatwhat I claim is 2- 1. In a calendar of the kind described, thecombination of a casing, a shaft extending through the said casing andsupported in the casing walls, four rollers rotatably mounted on thesaid shaft and each carrying on their periphery one of the followingindications: name of day, tens of the days number, units of the daysnumber, months name; a ratchet wheel fast with the tens roller; aratchet wheel fa st with the units roller; a peripheral toot-hing formedon the months name roller; and means operable from the outside forimparting determined and timely angular movements to all the saidrollers.

2. In a calendar of the kind described, the combination of: a casing; a.shaft extending throughout the said casing and supported in the casingwalls; a roller adapted to revolve on the said shaft, having the daynames twice inscribed on its periphery in due sequel, and fitted with 14teeth; a roller adapted to revolve on the said shaft, having the set offigures 0, 1, 2, 3, 3 twice inscribed on its periphery, fitted with anotch in its periphery and fast with a toothed ratchet wheel; a rolleradapted to revolve on the said shaft, having a set of figures O to 9inscribed on its periphery, fitted with a 12 toothed peripheraltoothing, and provided with. an end disc in which four windows areform-ed, each opposite the indications of the months April, June,September and November, as well as two windows opposite the indicationof month of Feb ruary; a ratchet wheel with 31 teeth, each of whichcorresponds to one of the 31 days of the month, the said teeth lyingclose against the said end disc, and the ratchet wheel having threeunequal windows in it, arranged in three concentric annular zones, ofwhich windows one lies opposite the tooth corresponding to the 31st day,one lies opposite the two teeth corresponding to the th and 31st days,and one lies opposite the three teeth corresponding to the 29th, 30thand 31st days: a lever fulcrumed on the said shaft, operable from theoutside and provided with a springloaded arm for actuating the day nameroller, with a spring-loaded arm for actuating the 31 toothed ratchetwheel, with a springloaded arm sliding on the edge of the tens rollerand carrying a pawl for actuating the two ratchet wheels fast with thetens roller and with the units roller respectively a link connecting thesaid arm with the springloaded arm that actuates the months name rollertwo levers fitted with a tooth that bears against the 31 toothed ratchetwheel opposite the annular zones having the above said windows in them,each tooth being adapted to engage one of the ratchet wheel windows and,across these, the underlying windows of months name roller; a linkconnecting the said levers to the arm actuating the day-n ame roller.

3. In a calendar of the kind described, the combination of: a casing: ashaft extending throughout the casing and carried in the easing walls; aroller adapted to revolve on the said shaft, having the set of figuresO, 1, 2, 3, 3 twice inscribed on its periphery and fast with a 10toothed ratchet wheel, in which the teeth corresponding to the figuresO, l, 2 are equally spaced apart from the center, the teethcorresponding to the figures 3, 3 directly following the figure 2 areset at a greater distance, and the teeth corresponding to the figures 8comprised between the previously said figures 3 and the Zeros are set ata still greater distance; a roller adapted to revolve on the said shaft,carrying the set of figures O to 9, fast with a 10 toothed ratchet wheelin which the tooth corresponding to the figures 9 is set at the samedistance from the center as the teeth corresponding to the figures 0, 1,2 in the ratchet wheel fast with the tens roller, and the teethcorresponding to the figures 0 to 8 are set at the same distance fromthe center as the teeth corresponding to the figures that follow thefigures 2 in the ratchet wheel fast with the tens roller; an operatinglever carrying a pawl adapted to act under given conditions on both thesaid ratchet wheels.

4. In a calendar of the kind described, the combination of: a casing; acoin magazine; a shaft extending throughout the said casing and carriedin the casing walls; a roller adapted to revolve on the said shaft andhav ing the day names inscribed on it; a roller adapted to revolve onthe said shaft and having inscribed on it the tens of the numbers of thedays; a roller adapted to revolve on the said shaft and having inscribedon it the units of the numbers .of the days; a peripheral toothingformed on the roller having inscribed on it the names of the days; aperipheral toothing formed on the roller having inscribed on it thenames of the months; a ratchet wheel fast with the tens roller; aratchet wheel fast with the units roller; a lever fulcrumed on the saidshaft, fitted with arms for the operation of the said indicating partsand fast with a plate likewise rotatable on the said shaft; a pawladapted to lock the said plate and lever so as to prevent theiroperation; and means for unlocking the said plate and lever to permitoperation thereof.

5. In a calendar of the kind described, the combination of a casing; ashaft extending through said casing and supported in the easformed onthe months name roller; means operable from the outside of the casingfor imparting determined and timely angular movements to all the saidrollers; means to lock the latter mentioned means, and means acting onsaid locking means to unlock means operable from the outside. Milan,20th December, 1928.

GIUSEPPE ,BEVILACQUA.

said

each carrying on their

